Unraveling Sensory Disorders:

A Complete Guide to Understanding Sensory Sensitivity, Overload, and Processing

Our senses are how we experience the world, but for some, these experiences can feel overwhelming or confusing. For example, this is often linked to sensory disorders, where the brain struggles to process sensory information. So, whether you’re a parent, caregiver, or individual seeking clarity, understanding sensory disorders can help you create a more supportive environment.

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What Is a Sensory Disorder?

It is a neurological condition that affects how the brain processes sensory input, such as sounds, textures, lights, or movement. Moreover, these challenges can disrupt daily activities, social interactions, and emotional well-being, making even routine tasks feel overwhelming.

While sensory differences—like finding certain sounds too loud or preferring bright lights—are natural variations in sensory preferences, sensory disorders involve ongoing challenges that may require professional intervention. Furthermore, understanding the distinction is key to supporting individuals with sensory needs effectively.

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Key Symptoms of Sensory Disorders

Symptom	Definition	Examples
Sensory Sensitivity	Over-responsiveness to sensory stimuli.	Feeling discomfort with loud noises or scratchy fabrics.
Sensory Avoidance	Actively avoiding sensory experiences that feel overwhelming.	Avoiding crowded spaces or refusing certain foods due to texture.
Sensory Seeking	Craving additional sensory input.	Spinning, jumping, or frequently touching textured objects.
Sensory Overload	Becoming overwhelmed when exposed to excessive sensory input.	Feeling anxious in environments with bright lights, loud music, or strong smells.

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Explore More About Sensory Disorders

For a deeper understanding of sensory experiences and how they impact daily life, check out our related blogs:

• Who Has Sensory Sensitivity?
• Sensory Overload: Is it a Problem in Your Life?
• Sensory Preferences: Yours, Mine, and Ours
• What is Sensory Processing Disorder?

These resources can help you navigate the spectrum of sensory experiences and find practical solutions for sensory challenges.

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Who Experiences Sensory Disorders?

While they can affect anyone, they are often linked to certain conditions:

• Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): Sensory challenges are a common trait of autism.
• Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Individuals with ADHD may experience heightened sensory sensitivities.
• Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Trauma can heighten sensitivity to stimuli.
• Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI): Injuries can disrupt sensory processing.

In addition, other conditions that can involve sensory challenges include:

• Long COVID
• Hearing loss
• Developmental disabilities

Remembers, sensory disorders can affect people of all ages and abilities, However, many individuals without a diagnosis may also experience sensory sensitivity or sensory overload, often hidden beneath the surface—like an iceberg.

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What Are the Signs of Sensory Overload?

Sensory overload happens when the brain receives too much sensory input, leading to feelings of overwhelm.

Common Symptoms:

• Physical: Headaches, nausea, or dizziness.
• Behavioral: Irritability, withdrawal, or meltdowns.
• Emotional: Anxiety, frustration, or difficulty concentrating.

Example: Imagine being in a crowded mall with bright lights, loud music, and strong odors from food stalls. For someone with a sensory disorder, this environment might feel unbearable, causing them to seek escape or display signs of distress.

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How Sensory Processing Works

Sensory processing involves eight senses:

1. Sight: Interpreting visuals like light and color.
2. Touch: Feeling textures, pressure, and temperature.
3. Sound: Hearing and interpreting noises.
4. Smell: Detecting and identifying odors.
5. Taste: Sensing flavors like sweet or salty.
6. Vestibular (Balance): Maintaining balance and spatial orientation.
7. Proprioception (Body Awareness): Understanding body position and movement.
8. Interoception (Internal Signals): Recognizing internal cues like hunger or thirst.

In sensory disorders, one or more of these senses may function atypically. For example, someone with vestibular challenges may struggle with balance or feel dizzy during motion.

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How to Manage Sensory Disorders

Creating sensory-friendly environments can significantly improve the quality of life for many individuals. If fact, you they help more people than you might think.

Practical Tips:

• Adjust Lighting: Use soft, natural lighting or dimmer switches.
• Minimize Noise: Provide noise-canceling headphones or quiet spaces.
• Offer Sensory Tools: Include fidget toys, weighted blankets, or textured objects.
• Create Calming Spaces: Designate areas with soft seating, neutral colors, and low stimulation.
• Use Visual Cues: Clear signage can help reduce confusion in busy environments.

When to Seek Help: If sensory challenges significantly impact daily life, consider consulting an occupational therapist. They can assess sensory processing difficulties and develop personalized strategies.

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Sensory Disorders and Neurodiversity

Sensory differences are part of the broader concept of neurodiversity, which celebrates natural variations in how people experience the world. By understanding and supporting sensory needs, we can create inclusive spaces where everyone can thrive.

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FAQs

1. What causes sensory disorders?

Sensory disorders may result from differences in brain function, often linked to conditions like autism, ADHD, or PTSD. Genetic and environmental factors can also play a role.

2. Can sensory disorders improve over time?

Yes, with the right strategies and support, individuals can develop skills to manage sensory challenges more effectively.

3. How can I support someone with a sensory disorder?

• Be patient and understanding.
• Offer sensory tools or quiet spaces.
• Learn about their specific sensory needs and preferences.

Resources for Support

Our Sensory Friendly 101 Course is the perfect starting point for understanding and implementing sensory-friendly strategies. In fact, as part of our All-Access Training, you’ll gain access to not only SF 101 but also a complete library of courses and resources designed to meet your needs. So, whether you’re looking to create inclusive environments, train your team, or implement sensory-friendly practices, All-Access Training has everything you need in one convenient package.

👉 Watch our founder, Christel Seeberger, explain the value of sensory-friendly solutions and how they can transform lives.