Feeling the World on High Alert: Hypersensitivity Uncovered

Understanding Hypersensitivity: How Sensory Sensitivity Impacts Daily Life

Hypersensitivity, in the context of sensory processing, refers to heightened sensitivity to everyday stimuli such as bright lights, loud sounds, or the texture of fabrics. For instance, this type of hypersensitivity is not allergic hypersensitivity, which is an immune system response to allergens. Sensory hypersensitivity affects how individuals perceive and interact with their environment, making certain sensory inputs feel overwhelming or distressing.

In sensory hypersensitivity, individuals experience an amplified response to stimuli that others may barely notice. This could involve sensitivity to any of the eight senses, leading to discomfort in daily activities. Conversely, allergic hypersensitivity involves the body’s immune system reacting to substances like pollen, food, or chemicals, causing physical symptoms such as swelling, hives, or respiratory issues.

This blog will explore sensory hypersensitivity and how it differs from hyposensitivity, as well as the importance of understanding these conditions to foster more inclusive, sensory-friendly environment.

Aisha’s Journey with Hypersensitivity

Aisha, a 29-year-old office worker, has always experienced the world differently. From a young age, she avoided crowded places, found certain foods intolerable due to food texture sensitivity, and was easily startled by loud noises. However, it wasn’t until her sensory processing disorder (SPD) diagnosis from her doctor, that Aisha began to understand why.

Working closely with an occupational therapist (OT), Aisha learned to manage her hypersensitivity by making adjustments in her environment and daily routine. For example, her OT introduced her to sensory-friendly strategies, such as creating quiet spaces at home and work and using noise-canceling headphones. Additionally, her OT recommended choosing clothing made from soft, comfortable fabrics—what we often refer to as “sensory-friendly” clothing. These changes made a significant difference in Aisha’s quality of life, allowing her to navigate daily tasks with greater ease and less anxiety. Furthermore, Aisha’s story highlights the importance of recognizing and accommodating sensory needs to improve overall well-being.

What is Hypersensitivity?

Hypersensitivity occurs when an individual experiences an increased sensitivity to sensory stimuli—stimuli that most people may find tolerable or even unnoticeable. This heightened response can affect any of the body’s eight senses, including sight, sound, touch, taste, smell, balance (vestibular), movement (proprioception), or internal body sense (interoception).

Imagine sensory sensitivity as a “dial” that can be turned up or down. In the case of hypersensitivity, this dial is turned up, meaning that sensory input is amplified. Bright lights may seem blinding, a ticking clock could sound thunderous, or the texture of clothing may feel unbearable. Conversely, hyposensitivity—where the “dial” is turned down—results in diminished responses to sensory stimuli, such as a lack of awareness of touch or difficulty perceiving sound.

It’s important to note that hypersensitivity can be both momentary or enduring. For some individuals, the heightened sensory response is triggered by specific situations or environments, such as being in a noisy, crowded place or under stress. In these cases, the hypersensitivity may subside once the individual is in a more controlled or familiar environment. However, for others, sensory sensitivity can be a more persistent, long-term experience, influencing many aspects of daily life.

Sensory Sensitivity: A Natural Part of the Human Experience

Importantly, sensory sensitivity is part of the normal human experience. Everyone encounters moments of heightened sensitivity—think of how glaring sunlight can feel uncomfortable after stepping out of a dim room, or how loud sounds can feel jarring after a period of quiet. However, for individuals with hypersensitivity, these heightened responses occur more frequently and intensely, often without an obvious trigger, which can make everyday tasks more challenging. It’s important to recognize that not every instance of sensory sensitivity is a disorder, nor does it always require treatment or intervention. Support and sensory-friendly environments can be incredibly helpful when hypersensitivity begins to interfere with daily activities, but it’s equally essential to acknowledge that sometimes, these experiences are just a natural part of being human. Therefore, providing accommodating environments helps ensure that sensory sensitivity doesn’t become a barrier to living fully and comfortably.

The Eight Senses: Examples of How Hypersensitivity Can Affect Each One

1. Sight (Visual Processing): Bright lights or fast-moving visuals can feel overwhelming.
2. Sound (Auditory Processing): Everyday noises like a ringing phone or ticking clock can feel unbearably loud.
3. Touch (Tactile Processing): Textures such as certain fabrics or foods might cause extreme discomfort.
4. Taste (Gustatory Processing): Individuals may find certain flavors or food textures intolerable.
5. Smell (Olfactory Processing): Strong or even pleasant smells can be overpowering.
6. Balance (Vestibular Processing): Movements like swings or spinning may cause distress.
7. Body Awareness (Proprioception): Some individuals feel uncomfortable with certain forces or pressures on their bodies.
8. Internal Body Sense (Interoception): Sensitivity to hunger or temperature changes is heightened.

Differentiating Between Hypersensitivity and Hyposensitivity

While hypersensitivity involves an overreaction to sensory stimuli, hyposensitivity is the opposite. Those with hyposensitive sensory processing disorder have an under-responsiveness to sensory input. They may not feel pain as intensely and might seek out intense sensory experiences to satisfy their needs. As a result, understanding the distinction between these conditions is crucial for providing the right support.

The Impact of Hypersensitivity on Daily Life

Living with hypersensitivity that is part of a disorder can make everyday tasks incredibly challenging. Imagine walking into a grocery store where the lights are blinding, the hum of refrigerators is deafening, and the texture of your clothes feels like sandpaper. This overwhelming sensory input can lead to sensory overload, where the brain is unable to process the stimuli effectively, resulting in a meltdown or shutdown.

Hypersensitivity that is part of a sensory disorder, is often associated with sensory processing disorder (SPD) but can also occur in other conditions. Understanding these connections is essential for providing appropriate support. Learn more about various sensory disorders in our blog: Understanding Sensory Disorders and Differences.

Common Conditions Linked to Sensory Hypersensitivity and Their Impact

Difference or disorder	How It Relates to Hypersensitivity	Citations
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)	Many individuals with ASD experience sensory hypersensitivity, leading to heightened responses to stimuli such as lights, sounds, and textures.	Ben-Sasson et al. (2009) DOI: 10.1007/s10803-008-0593-3
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)	Sensory hypersensitivity can be a symptom of PTSD, where certain stimuli (e.g., loud noises, sudden movements) may trigger intense reactions linked to past trauma.	American Psychiatric Association (APA), Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)
Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD)	SPD is characterized by difficulty in processing sensory information. Hypersensitivity is a common symptom, causing individuals to feel overwhelmed by everyday stimuli.	Goldsmith et al. (2006), McIntosh et al. (1999).
Migraine	People who experience migraines often have hypersensitivity to light, sound, or smells during an attack, known as photophobia or phonophobia.	Pescador Ruschel, M. A., & De Jesus, O. (2024). Migraine headache. In StatPearls.
Fibromyalgia	Individuals with fibromyalgia often report hypersensitivity to pain and other sensory input, leading to discomfort from stimuli like touch or temperature.	Häuser, W., & Fitzcharles, M. A. (2018). Facts and myths pertaining to fibromyalgia. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 20(1), 53–62.
Anxiety	Anxiety can amplify sensory hypersensitivity, causing individuals to become more reactive to sensory stimuli, such as noise or crowded environments.	Chand, S. P., & Marwaha, R. (2023). Anxiety. In StatPearls.
Aquired Brain Injury (stroke, brain tumor, TBI, concussion)	Hypersensitivity to light and sound is a common symptom after a concussion, sometimes persisting for months.	de Sain, A. M., Pellikaan, L. W. M., van Voskuilen, J., Migdis, M., Sommers-Spijkerman, M. P. J., Visser-Meily, J. M. A., & Huenges Wajer, I. M. C. (2023). Sensory hypersensitivity after acquired brain injury: the patient perspective. Disability and Rehabilitation, 46(16), 3586–3593.

Beyond the Common Associations: Exploring Additional Conditions with Sensory Hypersensitivity

While the conditions listed in the table are commonly associated with sensory hypersensitivity, they are not exclusive. Sensory hypersensitivity can also manifest in other conditions, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), where patients may experience heightened sensory responses to stimuli like heat, cold, or touch due to the disruption in neural pathways. Similarly, individuals with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and depression may experience sensory hypersensitivity, particularly to light and sound. Moreover, these conditions show that hypersensitivity can affect a broad range of neurological and psychological disorders.

For example, for more information on hypersensitivity in MS, you can refer to this study: Jankowska et al. (2022), Sensory Integration Disorders in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis DOI: 10.3390/jcm11175183.

Learn more in our blog: Who Has Sensory Sensitivity?

FAQs on Hypersensitivity

What is the definition of hypersensitivity?

Hypersensitivity refers to an exaggerated or heightened response to sensory stimuli, which can affect daily life. It may involve any of the eight senses and can feel overwhelming.

What causes hypersensitivity disorders in adults?

Hypersensitivity can be caused by factors such as genetics, neurological conditions, or trauma. It is often linked to sensory processing disorders but can also be a result of conditions like PTSD or concussions.

How does hypersensitivity differ from emotional sensitivity?

While hypersensitivity relates to sensory stimuli, emotional sensitivity involves heightened reactions to emotional experiences. Both can co-exist, but they affect individuals differently.

What are the symptoms of hypersensitivity in adults?

Common symptoms include an extreme reaction to sensory input (e.g., lights, sounds, textures), difficulty focusing, anxiety in busy environments, and the frequent feeling of overwhelm.

How can I tell if using a checklist will help someone with hypersensitivity?

A checklist can be a helpful tool for identifying and addressing sensory needs, but it’s not always the right solution for everyone. To learn whether a checklist might be beneficial, explore our blog on SPD Checklists, where we discuss how checklists can provide clarity, structure, and support for individuals with sensory processing differences.

Can hypersensitivity be treated?

Hypersensitivity can be temporary or permanent, depending on the underlying cause. For example, it may be linked to neurological conditions, sensory processing differences, or temporary factors such as stress, illness, or injury. Strategies like sensory integration therapy with a trained occupational therapist, environmental modifications, and mindfulness can help manage symptoms and improve daily functioning. Understanding the root cause of hypersensitivity is essential in determining the best approach and whether it is likely to change over time.

Is hypersensitivity the same as sensory overload?

No. Hypersensitivity refers to increased sensitivity to sensory stimuli, while sensory overload occurs when the brain is overwhelmed by too much input at once. Read our blog: How to Manage Sensory Overload in Adults.

How can I make my home more sensory-friendly?

To create a more sensory-friendly home, reduce clutter, use soft and comfortable furniture, install adjustable lighting, and create quiet spaces. Explore our blog: Case Study: Creating a Sensory-Friendly Apartment Rental

What’s the difference between hypersensitivity and hyposensitivity?

Hypersensitivity involves an overreaction to sensory stimuli, while hyposensitivity involves under-responsiveness. People with hyposensitivity may seek out intense sensory experiences to satisfy their needs.

What tools can help manage sensory hypersensitivity?

There are several tools that can help individuals manage sensory hypersensitivity. These include noise-canceling headphones, sensory-friendly clothing, and calming environmental adjustments like soft lighting or quiet spaces. Other aids include fidget tools, weighted blankets, and specialized apps for sensory regulation. Each person’s needs vary, so it’s important to find what works best for them. Check out our blogs on some of these tools:

• A Guide to Ear Protection, Headphones for Autism, and Sensory Sensitivity
• Fidgets: More Than Just Child’s Play
• Beyond Comfort: How Sensory-Friendly Clothing Empowers Individuals with Autism and Sensory Sensitivities
• Chair Socks, Chair Glides and Tennis Balls for Chairs

Sensory-Friendly Solutions: Creating Inclusive Environments

Creating sensory-friendly environments is key to promoting inclusivity and accessibility. In addition, such environments are designed with both hypersensitivity and hyposensitivity in mind, ensuring that everyone can feel comfortable.

Incorporating sensory-friendly practices into Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) initiatives is crucial for organizations looking to build inclusive spaces. By acknowledging and addressing sensory sensitivities, organizations can respond to the needs of all individuals, creating a more welcoming environment.

Sensory-Friendly Training Membership

If you or someone you know is navigating the challenges of hypersensitivity, Sensory Friendly Solutions offers comprehensive training through our Sensory-Friendly Training Membership. This low-cost membership provides access to all our courses, including “Sensory Friendly 101,” covering essential strategies for creating sensory-friendly environments. Industry-specific courses are also available.

Learn more by watching a short video from our founder, Christel Seeberger, where she explains the value of our training membership.

Conclusion: Building Inclusive, Sensory-Friendly Spaces

Understanding and accommodating hypersensitivity is essential for creating inclusive environments where everyone can thrive. By recognizing the unique sensory needs of individuals, we can ensure that spaces—whether at home, work, or in public—are not just accessible but also welcoming for all. Implementing sensory-friendly practices is a step toward a more inclusive and equitable world.

Ready to enhance your organization’s inclusivity? Explore our most popular blogs for businesses, packed with actionable insights on creating sensory-friendly environments. Learn how you can foster better experiences for everyone, from employees to customers.

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